HLA & immunogenetics

The HLA region on chromosome 6 contributes to immune recognition. This section explains HLA typing, related KIR receptors and selected disease associations. An HLA type alone is not a diagnosis.

13 articles

• HLA typingHLA*LAThe immune system's tissue types on chromosome 6.
• KIR genesT1KThe receptors NK cells use to tell sick cells from healthy ones.
• KIR-HLA ligand contextWhich HLA allele matches which NK cell receptor.
• HLA and autoimmunityHow HLA variants are associated with different autoimmune diseases.
• Celiac diseaseHLA-DQ2 / DQ8HLA-DQ2/DQ8 add genetic context, but do not diagnose the disease.
• Type 1 diabetesHLA-DR3-DQ2 / DR4-DQ8The HLA class II haplotypes DR3-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8 shape the risk.
• Multiple sclerosisHLA-DRB1*15:01HLA-DRB1*15:01 is an important genetic risk factor; EBV is strongly associated with MS.
• Rheumatoid arthritisHLA-DRB1 Shared EpitopeThe shared epitope of several DRB1 alleles raises the risk.
• Ankylosing spondylitisHLA-B27One of the strongest HLA associations of all: HLA-B27.
• Autoimmune thyroid (Hashimoto, Graves)HLA-DR3 (DRB1*03:01)Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves disease share an HLA predisposition.
• Lupus (SLE)HLA-DRB1*03:01 · C4-NullHLA class II types and a complement defect in the class III region.
• NarcolepsyHLA-DQB1*06:02HLA-DQB1*06:02 is strongly associated with narcolepsy type 1, but is also common in unaffected people.
• PsoriasisHLA-C*06:02HLA-C*06:02 is an important genetic risk factor, especially in early-onset disease.