Y haplogroup

ISOGG

The non-recombining part of the Y chromosome passes unchanged from father to son. Its markers define paternal lineages. Genome determines the Y haplogroup via a marker-based approach following the ISOGG tree.

Markers instead of full sequence

The paternal line can be narrowed via a few well-placed markers along the tree. Each confirmed derived marker pushes the assignment deeper into a branch. Genome uses a custom ISOGG marker approach because full Y re-sequencing is not available for every sample.

Limits

The Y haplogroup applies only to the paternal line and only to samples with a Y chromosome. It describes ancestry, not traits or health. With sparse coverage the assignment stays coarser.

What Genome measures. The paternal Y haplogroup, derived from the state of defined Y-SNP markers along the phylogenetic tree (only for Y-bearing samples).

Related topics

mtDNA haplogroups

Sources

  1. 1Poznik et al., 2016 Punctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences. Nature Genetics 48:593–599. doi.org/10.1038/ng.3559
  2. 2Jobling & Tyler-Smith, 2017 Human Y-chromosome variation in the genome-sequencing era. Nature Reviews Genetics 18:485–497. doi.org/10.1038/nrg.2017.36
  3. 3ISOGG, 2019–2020 Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree. International Society of Genetic Genealogy. isogg.org/tree/